Richard G. Klein with Blake Edgar John Wiley and Sons 2002 FROM THE DUST JACKET Some fifty thousand years ago Homo sapiens, the newest branch of a long and varied tree of evolved apes, suddenly developed a remarkable range of new talents. These people- whose primitive stone culture had previously been little different from that of their ancestors-began painting. They invented music and the instruments to play it. They fashioned jewelry and clothing, created fishing poles and tackle as well as bows and arrows, constructed the oldest substantial houses, and buried their dead with ritual and ceremony. This creative explosion, occurring over such a remarkably short period, has been called the "big bang" of human culture. It was the fourth in a series of punctuated events that have marked the history of human evolution. The first occurred between seven and five million years ago when a group of African apes, in response to shrinking forests and expanding open savannas, began to walk upright. These are the bipedal apes of which Lucy and her kin are the most famous. The next occurred about two and a half million years ago, again during a time of global climatic change resulting in major environmental disruption, when the first stone-tool makers emerged. The third occurred about 1.8 million years ago when humans developed modern body proportions and colonized largely treeless environments for the first time. So what accelerated our cultural development? What made us who we are? Now, for the first time, preeminent anthropologist Richard Klein tackles this mystery, one of the great enigmas of our evolution. With Blake Edgar, he works his way forward through time as Homo developed, looking for clues, discarding false leads, and examining why other species of man such as the Neanderthals failed to develop a similar culture-and failed to survive. He reexamines the archeological evidence, including the latest findings, and considers new discoveries in the study of human genetics. This journey leads him to a bold new theory involving the brain that could solve the mystery of our origins and that points the way for future studies. Richard G. Klein, Ph.D., is Professor of Anthropology at Stanford University. He is the author of the definitive scholarly book on human evolution, The Human Career. Blake Edgar is a science editor at the University of California Press and the coauthor with Donald Johanson of From Lucy to Language. He has written for Discover, Scientific American, GEO, and numerous other magazines. CONTENTS Preface 7 Chapter 1: Dawn at Twilight Cave 11 Chapter 2: Bipedal Apes 29 Chapter 3: The World's Oldest Whodunit 63 Chapter 4: The First True Humans 91 Chapter 5: Humanity Branches Out 133 Chapter 6: Neanderthals Out on a Limb 169 Chapter 7: Body Before Behavior 217 Chapter 8: Nurture or Nature Before the Dawn? 257 Appendix: Placing Ancient Sites in Time 274 Selected further Reading 278 WHERE TO ORDER: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Distribution Center 1 Wiley Drive Somerset, NJ 08875-1272 Phone: (732) 469-4400 or (800) 225-5945 Fax: (732) 302-2300 E-mail: bookinfo@wiley.com PRICE: $27.95 (Hardcover) ISBN: 0-471-25252-2 Posted Date: 12-05-02
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